近期广(guang)西、广(guang)东先后发(fa)文(wen)调整(zheng)价格(ge)区间(jian)。9月(yue)23日广(guang)西工信厅发(fa)布关于征(zheng)求2021年全区电力(li)市场(chang)化(hua)交易调整(zheng)方案（征(zheng)求意见稿）的函。称今年以来(lai)，由于供应偏(pian)紧等影响(xiang)导致煤炭价格(ge)大幅度上扬并维持高位运行(xing)，煤电企(qi)业产销成本倒挂严重，广(guang)西燃(ran)煤发(fa)电企(qi)业全面亏(kui)损(sun)，因(yin)此(ci)拟采(cai)取调整(zheng)机制、重新组织电力(li)市场(chang)化(hua)交易等措施。

广东9月(yue)24日发文完善四季度电(dian)力市(shi)场(chang)运行(xing)有关事项，允许月(yue)度交易价(jia)(jia)差(cha)(cha)可正(zheng)可负，其中(zhong)上浮幅(fu)度不超过(guo)(guo)燃基准价(jia)(jia)10%，下浮幅(fu)度不超过(guo)(guo)燃煤(mei)基准价(jia)(jia)15%。建立市(shi)场(chang)价(jia)(jia)格疏导(dao)机制。当售电(dian)公司月(yue)竞成(cheng)交价(jia)(jia)差(cha)(cha)为正(zheng)时，将正(zheng)价(jia)(jia)差(cha)(cha)对应的超额电(dian)费，全(quan)额传导(dao)至市(shi)场(chang)用户。

广西(xi)：调整电价(jia)机(ji)制、重新(xin)开展交易 用户(hu)侧可能涨(zhang)价(jia)超7分(fen)！

广(guang)西《2021年全(quan)区电(dian)力市(shi)场化(hua)交易(yi)调整方案（征求意见(jian)稿）》指出(chu)，今年以(yi)来，煤电(dian)企业产(chan)销成本倒挂(gua)严重，经营陷入困境，水电(dian)来水偏枯(ku)，导致自7月中旬以(yi)来进入“电(dian)力电(dian)量”双(shuang)缺(que)局面(mian)，因此(ci)起草(cao)《2021年全(quan)区电(dian)力市(shi)场化(hua)交易(yi)调整方案（征求意见(jian)稿）》。

《调整(zheng)方案》中称，对于(yu)未开(kai)展(zhan)交易的电(dian)量(liang)，将现(xian)行燃煤(mei)标杆电(dian)价改为按照(zhao)“基准(zhun)价+上(shang)下浮动”的市(shi)场(chang)(chang)化价格机制，上(shang)浮不超过(guo)10%，下浮不超过(guo)15%，具(ju)体幅(fu)度(du)由(you)市(shi)场(chang)(chang)交易形成(cheng)。2022年(nian)起电(dian)力市(shi)场(chang)(chang)化交易价格机制也按照(zhao)此原则(ze)执行。

对(dui)于今年已经(jing)开(kai)展交易(yi)且(qie)尚未结算(suan)(suan)的电(dian)(dian)(dian)量，重新组织电(dian)(dian)(dian)力市(shi)场化交易(yi)。对(dui)于重新参与(yu)交易(yi)且(qie)未达成协议的多月交易(yi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)量，用户侧(ce)按照超发计划用电(dian)(dian)(dian)价格上浮10%进行结算(suan)(suan)，发电(dian)(dian)(dian)侧(ce)按照政府核定的上网电(dian)(dian)(dian)价结算(suan)(suan)，盈余资金纳入(ru)年度偏差电(dian)(dian)(dian)量资金池。

广西某售电公司(si)工作(zuo)人员(yuan)向(xiang)北极星(xing)售电网介(jie)绍，广西超计划用电的(de)价(jia)格(ge)(ge)是(shi)0.42661元/千(qian)瓦(wa)时(shi)(shi)，若重(zhong)新(xin)参与(yu)(yu)交(jiao)易且未达成协(xie)议的(de)多(duo)月交(jiao)易电量，用户侧的(de)价(jia)格(ge)(ge)在此基础上(shang)上(shang)浮(fu)10%，即(ji)0.4693元/千(qian)瓦(wa)时(shi)(shi)，这(zhei)个价(jia)格(ge)(ge)比2021年长(zhang)协(xie)成交(jiao)价(jia)格(ge)(ge)0.39元/千(qian)瓦(wa)时(shi)(shi)提高了(le)7.9分(fen)。该售电公司(si)工作(zuo)人员(yuan)称：“这(zhei)个文(wen)件目前(qian)只(zhi)是(shi)征(zheng)求意(yi)(yi)见稿，还没(mei)有执(zhi)行，不知道具体(ti)哪些(xie)电量会(hui)重(zhong)新(xin)交(jiao)易。如(ru)果真的(de)按照(zhao)这(zhei)个文(wen)件执(zhi)行的(de)话，售电公司(si)的(de)盈利会(hui)减少，但价(jia)格(ge)(ge)浮(fu)动(dong)不大，在几厘左(zuo)右。影(ying)响较(jiao)大的(de)是(shi)用电企业，和长(zhang)协(xie)价(jia)格(ge)(ge)相比可能会(hui)涨价(jia)7分(fen)多(duo)。”广西某电力用户无奈(nai)地表示，“之前(qian)签过(guo)的(de)合(he)同被否定，重(zhong)新(xin)参与(yu)(yu)交(jiao)易但未达成协(xie)议的(de)电量还要多(duo)交(jiao)钱，这(zhei)显(xian)然带有一些(xie)强迫的(de)意(yi)(yi)思(si)，或(huo)许我们只(zhi)能配合(he)政(zheng)府积极参与(yu)(yu)重(zhong)新(xin)开(kai)展的(de)交(jiao)易了(le)。”

广东：正价差时代来临 超额电费将全额传导至(zhi)市场用户(hu)

同(tong)(tong)样处于南方区域的(de)(de)广东(dong)(dong)也在遭受燃料价(jia)(jia)(jia)格上涨、电(dian)(dian)力供(gong)应紧(jin)张的(de)(de)影响，发(fa)(fa)电(dian)(dian)企业(ye)度(du)电(dian)(dian)发(fa)(fa)电(dian)(dian)成本已经高于基准(zhun)价(jia)(jia)(jia)。在此背景下，9月24日广东(dong)(dong)电(dian)(dian)力交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)中(zhong)心发(fa)(fa)文(wen)称，基于最大(da)程度(du)尊重现有批(pi)发(fa)(fa)、零售合同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)同(tong)(tong)时，合理疏(shu)导发(fa)(fa)电(dian)(dian)侧成本的(de)(de)原则，对(dui)2021年(nian)四季度(du)电(dian)(dian)力市场运行有关事(shi)项进行完善调整，允许月度(du)交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)成交(jiao)(jiao)价(jia)(jia)(jia)差(cha)可正(zheng)可负（在基准(zhun)价(jia)(jia)(jia)0.453元(yuan)(yuan)/千(qian)瓦时的(de)(de)基础上，申(shen)报价(jia)(jia)(jia)差(cha)上限为0.0453元(yuan)(yuan)/千(qian)瓦时，申(shen)报价(jia)(jia)(jia)差(cha)下限为-0.068元(yuan)(yuan)/千(qian)瓦时），同(tong)(tong)时正(zheng)价(jia)(jia)(jia)差(cha)对(dui)应的(de)(de)超(chao)额(e)电(dian)(dian)费(fei)将全额(e)传导至(zhi)市场用户。

对(dui)(dui)(dui)于售电(dian)(dian)(dian)公司来(lai)(lai)说(shuo)，如果(guo)月竞价差(cha)为(wei)正，售电(dian)(dian)(dian)公司月竞电(dian)(dian)(dian)量按0价差(cha)结算，不受正价差(cha)影响。对(dui)(dui)(dui)于发(fa)电(dian)(dian)(dian)企业(ye)来(lai)(lai)说(shuo)，发(fa)电(dian)(dian)(dian)企业(ye)按照月度(du)交(jiao)易(yi)形成的价格结算，对(dui)(dui)(dui)于发(fa)电(dian)(dian)(dian)企业(ye)参与月度(du)交(jiao)易(yi)的电(dian)(dian)(dian)量，其(qi)发(fa)电(dian)(dian)(dian)成本得(de)(de)以(yi)疏导；对(dui)(dui)(dui)于电(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)户来(lai)(lai)说(shuo)，当全月总超额电(dian)(dian)(dian)费为(wei)正时，由(you)所有(you)市场(chang)用(yong)(yong)户根据月度(du)实际用(yong)(yong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)量比例分(fen)(fen)摊。但是即(ji)使(shi)出现(xian)正价差(cha)，综(zong)合考(kao)虑零售合同和超额电(dian)(dian)(dian)费分(fen)(fen)摊后，用(yong)(yong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)侧结算价差(cha)仍(reng)会(hui)为(wei)负(fu)价差(cha)，电(dian)(dian)(dian)价并不会(hui)出现(xian)较(jiao)大(da)浮动的上涨，而且有(you)序用(yong)(yong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)还(hai)能得(de)(de)到缓解。那么(me)整体看(kan)来(lai)(lai)，电(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)户最终可以(yi)获得(de)(de)多少的让利呢？广东电(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)交(jiao)易(yi)中心(xin)给出以(yi)下测算：

零售(shou)结算(suan)时，用户(hu)侧按现有零售(shou)合同开展结算(suan)。在此基础(chu)上，由用户(hu)分摊超额电费。

考虑市(shi)(shi)场中仅月竞成交电(dian)(dian)量涉及超额电(dian)(dian)费，且大部(bu)分(fen)市(shi)(shi)场电(dian)(dian)量已在年度(du)交易中成交（1-8月均值为(wei)74%），月竞成交电(dian)(dian)量比重较少。平均来(lai)看，原零售(shou)合(he)(he)同价差约(yue)为(wei)-4分(fen)/千瓦时，若超额度(du)电(dian)(dian)分(fen)摊为(wei)-1分(fen)/千瓦时，综合(he)(he)来(lai)看让(rang)利价差约(yue)为(wei)-3分(fen)/千瓦时。

关于退市(shi)：退市(shi)用户(hu)电度(du)电价最(zui)高(gao)按目录电价的1.5倍执行！

越来越少的(de)发电侧让利难(nan)免会让部分用户(hu)打起“退堂鼓”，为避免用户(hu)大量退市，广(guang)西(xi)和(he)广(guang)东采(cai)取了一些措施来保持(chi)市场(chang)稳定。

广西(xi)发改(gai)委(wei)9月8日发布《关于退(tui)(tui)出(chu)电(dian)力市场用户(hu)执行保底供电(dian)价格(ge)有关事(shi)项的(de)通知（征求意见稿）》，称对于退(tui)(tui)出(chu)市场的(de)电(dian)力用户(hu)实行保底供电(dian)，其电(dian)度电(dian)价暂按(an)广西(xi)电(dian)网目录(lu)销(xiao)售电(dian)度电(dian)价（不含政府性基金及附加）的(de)1.5倍执行。

广东(dong)(dong)电力(li)交(jiao)易中心对电力(li)用(yong)户退(tui)出机(ji)制也(ye)进行了完善，在(zai)《关(guan)于(yu)完善广东(dong)(dong)电力(li)市场(chang)2021年四季度(du)运行有关(guan)事项的通知》中称原则上(shang)不允许(xu)已进入市场(chang)的电力(li)用(yong)户退(tui)出市场(chang)。对于(yu)无正当理由退(tui)市的电力(li)用(yong)户，原法人(ren)及(ji)法人(ren)代表3年内不得(de)再选(xuan)择市场(chang)化交(jiao)易，在(zai)此期间，其用(yong)电价(jia)格按照核定(ding)目(mu)录(lu)电价(jia)的1.2倍执行。

可(ke)见(jian)用(yong)(yong)户(hu)一旦退市(shi)，用(yong)(yong)电成本将大(da)幅增(zeng)加(jia)。既然如(ru)此(ci)，不如(ru)调(diao)整好心(xin)态去面对电力市(shi)场可(ke)能(neng)出现的(de)低价差，及时了解市(shi)场动态，找(zhao)到靠(kao)谱(pu)的(de)售电公司进行(xing)签(qian)约。签(qian)约时可(ke)以将长协(xie)作为(wei)“压舱石”来锁定收(shou)益。

售电公司的未来：向“售电+”转(zhuan)变

电(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)市场(chang)经(jing)历了一段(duan)时(shi)(shi)间的(de)波动之后(hou)，售电(dian)(dian)(dian)公司应该意识到(dao)，如今的(de)定位不应只是简单的(de)“买(mai)卖电(dian)(dian)(dian)”，而应更加深入了解(jie)电(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)用(yong)户的(de)需求。尤其(qi)是在能(neng)耗(hao)双控趋严(yan)、绿色电(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)市场(chang)化交易开市、分时(shi)(shi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)价等(deng)大(da)背景下，越(yue)来越(yue)多(duo)的(de)用(yong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)企业会通过配置储能(neng)、开展综合能(neng)源(yuan)、使用(yong)绿色电(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)等(deng)方式改(gai)变用(yong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)结构和时(shi)(shi)段(duan)。

售(shou)(shou)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)公(gong)司(si)应该看准时(shi)机，可以(yi)发展“售(shou)(shou)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)+储能”业务，既能起到削峰(feng)填谷(gu)的(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)，又可以(yi)帮助用(yong)(yong)(yong)户(hu)(hu)(hu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)理利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)分时(shi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)价政策，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)低(di)谷(gu)时(shi)段(duan)(duan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)比重、降低(di)高(gao)(gao)峰(feng)时(shi)段(duan)(duan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)比重，从而实现用(yong)(yong)(yong)户(hu)(hu)(hu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)降费(fei)的(de)目标。或者(zhe)向(xiang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)户(hu)(hu)(hu)提(ti)供(gong)(gong)综合(he)(he)(he)(he)能源服务，根据(ju)用(yong)(yong)(yong)户(hu)(hu)(hu)需求，为用(yong)(yong)(yong)户(hu)(hu)(hu)提(ti)供(gong)(gong)个性化(hua)、多元化(hua)和套餐式的(de)服务方案，根据(ju)用(yong)(yong)(yong)户(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)习(xi)惯，为用(yong)(yong)(yong)户(hu)(hu)(hu)提(ti)供(gong)(gong)经(jing)济性分析(xi)，制定节能方案，改(gai)善(shan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)户(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)消费(fei)行(xing)为。也可以(yi)参与到绿电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)中(zhong)，例(li)如在广(guang)(guang)西(xi)(xi)最(zui)新发布的(de)《广(guang)(guang)西(xi)(xi)绿色(se)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力市(shi)场(chang)(chang)化(hua)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)实施方案（试行(xing)）》中(zhong)提(ti)到，符合(he)(he)(he)(he)广(guang)(guang)西(xi)(xi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力市(shi)场(chang)(chang)准入条件，在交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)中(zhong)心完(wan)成注册的(de)售(shou)(shou)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)公(gong)司(si)均可参与绿色(se)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，售(shou)(shou)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)公(gong)司(si)与零(ling)(ling)售(shou)(shou)用(yong)(yong)(yong)户(hu)(hu)(hu)须签订(ding)零(ling)(ling)售(shou)(shou)服务合(he)(he)(he)(he)同，约定绿色(se)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)相关信(xin)息。电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力用(yong)(yong)(yong)户(hu)(hu)(hu)同一时(shi)期只能选择一家售(shou)(shou)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)公(gong)司(si)代理购电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。已参加广(guang)(guang)西(xi)(xi)中(zhong)长期交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)市(shi)场(chang)(chang)主体，零(ling)(ling)售(shou)(shou)代理关系需保持(chi)一致。这给售(shou)(shou)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)公(gong)司(si)创造了(le)机会(hui)。

另(ling)外(wai)在合同(tong)签订(ding)上，售电公司应吸取教训，签订(ding)合同(tong)前充分(fen)向用(yong)户说明市场(chang)会有(you)波(bo)动风险，尽可能不再使用(yong)保底合同(tong)。除此之(zhi)外(wai)售电公司自身(shen)也应该提高业务水平，及(ji)时了解(jie)政策，具(ju)备化解(jie)风险的能力。